It worked with the code below from @Anonymous
But I don't know how to call the I Logic with this code.
Public Sub Multi_Ilogic()
Dim oDoc As Document
For Each oDoc In ThisApplication.Documents.VisibleDocuments
If oDoc.DocumentType = kDrawingDocumentObject Then
MsgBox ("It works! OMG!!!")
-> how do I call an I Logic from the vba-editor?
End If
Next oDoc
End Sub
then I tried @bradeneuropeArthur code.
Now it worked as well. (My fault, messed it up with Ilogic/vba window ;-J)
But...
nothing happend.
I inserted some Message-boxes to check if the code made it to the essential parts. And it did. No Problems whatsoever.
But the Test-Ilogic Script wasn't executed.
The Ilogic-Text-script works. I'm 100% certain. (Its just a messagebox telling me that it works.)
I used the code below. I hope someone knows better than me 
Best regards
Public Sub Multi_Ilogic_2()
Dim a As Application
Set a = ThisApplication
'MsgBox "Dim,Set application succesful"
Dim b As Document
Dim c As Documents
'MsgBox "Dim,Set document succesful"
For Each b In a.Documents.VisibleDocuments
RuniLogic "Test", b
MsgBox "run succesful"
Next
End Sub
Public Sub RuniLogic(ByVal RuleName As String, ByVal oDoc As Document)
Dim iLogicAuto As Object
If oDoc Is Nothing Then
MsgBox "Missing Inventor Document"
'Else
'MsgBox "Inventor document not missing"
Exit Sub
End If
Set iLogicAuto = GetiLogicAddin(ThisApplication)
If (iLogicAuto Is Nothing) Then Exit Sub
iLogicAuto.RunExternalRule oDoc, RuleName
End Sub
Function GetiLogicAddin(oApplication As Inventor.Application) As Object
Dim addIns As ApplicationAddIns
Set addIns = oApplication.ApplicationAddIns
Dim addIn As ApplicationAddIn
Dim customAddIn As ApplicationAddIn
For Each addIn In addIns
If (addIn.ClassIdString = "{3BDD8D79-2179-4B11-8A5A-257B1C0263AC}") Then
Set customAddIn = addIn
'MsgBox "Set customAddIn = addIn"
Exit For
End If
Next
End Function