You can modify the visibility settings of a linked file in the Revit Links tab by turning the Visibility Settings to Custom in Display Settings.
When the Visibility Settings of a Linked File are Custom, it's like this document Visibility Settings are on their own. When you modify the global Visibility Settings, the linked document is not modified.
I would like to have this changed: if you modify something in the global Visibility Settings it modifies the Linked File Visibility Settings. When you modify the Visibility Settings of the Linked File it modifies only the Linked File. It seems a lot easier to me.