Thank you for logging a case with Autodesk Technical Support! I understand that when you change a folder name in Vault the Project Sync folder mapping does not update automatically. I was able to confirm this behavior in Vault 2016. The Vault Project Sync does not have a feature to update the folder mapping when Vault Folders are renamed. To resolve this please select Tools > Project Sync Settings and update the folder location. If the mapping is incorrect the sync will fail. There is currently no way to automatically update project sync folder locations when folder names are renamed. If you would like you can post a request in the Autodesk community, there is a group called Vault Idea station where you can share your ideas directly with the Autodesk Vault development team.