Hi Margaux:
There are several ways to have Revit change the color of a duct. Do you want to change the color based on the system? or flow, or pressure, or size?
As mentioned above, the Duct Legend is a great way to do this. That tool will change the fill color of your ducts per view based on the property of any piece, but perhaps not the edges and I don't think it's available in 3D views.
You can also set the "Duct System" graphic overrides, which will address the color of ducts for all the views in your project. (screenshot below)
View filters are a third place you can address the color of various objects.
What criteria do you want to use to separate the duct(s)?
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Self-proclaimed Revit MEP Ninjaneer : @RevitDork
Autodesk Certified Instructor (ACI)