" this specific configuration of two 45-degree bends forming a 90-degree connection is not the most commonly used in my projects. Therefore, it wouldn't be productive to have it at the top of the routing preferences list."
When designing drainage systems there are such a variety of bends and branches used in the average project that the best workflow that I could find was to include everything that I needed in the routing preferences and then be regularly promoting/demoting fittings as required depending on which part of the system I was modelling. Swapping fittings doesn't always work because the pipe alignment changes e.g. swapping a swept branch for a 45 degree branch.
"Do you have any further suggestions on how to prevent the slope from changing automatically when using this custom family?"
I think it could be related to you swapping out the fitting and the dimensions of the fitting and location of the pipe ends being different from the standard bend so Revit tries to flex the pipes to suit the change in geometry (but that's just a guess).
I also noticed that in the family the bend angle is always 90 degrees and does not flex for different pipe angles - it relies on the "allow slope adjustments" option to allow pipes to have slope - not sure if this has any impact on retention of pipe slope value though.
This bend flexes to the pipe angle:

When I swap this fitting for yours I get this warning which usually means that there are alignment differences and it won't actually let me complete the swap, I can only cancel the operation:

But if I swap it for another bend family it works okay and retains the bend angle and pipe slope:

So I would conclude that its probably because the angle between connectors in your family is not controlled by the pipe angles.
@fabiosato is better at interpreting problems with families than I am though so he might have better advice.