Oh, I see. Unfortunately there is one more limitation written in docs (sorry, I missed it).
"This method will only succeed for Shared parameters that have their HideWhenNoValue property set to true".
This property can be set to true only in Shared Parameters File before you add your parameter to the project.
You can do it either through Revit API (modifying ExternalDefinition object) or manually - open Shared Parameters File in text editor and change value for a particular parameter.

After this you can add this parameter to your project. And use ClearValue method. But keep in mind: with HideWhenNoValue property set to True your parameter will also be hidden in Revit UI after you use this method.
But unfortunately there is no other way to turn parameter value to its initial state.

Maxim Stepannikov | Architect, BIM Manager, Instructor