there should be no difference between 2016 and 2019 for the content of this tutorial. A number of things could be happening - Note that it is very difficult to see your screen grabs - they're very small and when I zoom in on them, they are unreadable. I'm assuming you created them exactly like in the tutorial.
1. Did you set your project correctly? The instructor goes through this at 0:46; it's important to do this so that Maya links properly to any file textures you may be using. This is probably not the issue you're having, but it's an important step nonetheless.
2. What renderer are you using? One possible difference between 2016-2019 is that in 2019 by default (I think) Maya may be using the Arnold renderer, whereas in 2016 they may have still been using the Maya software renderer. This could be the problem - here's why:
In the Maya renderer, if you do a test render with no lights in the scene, Maya will automatically create a temporary Ambient and a temporary Directional light, just so you can see your tests. Arnold does not do this - you have to set up lights and get the intensity/exposure values correct in order to see your renders at all.
If you want to stay aligned with the tutorial, try going into your Render Settings, and changing the renderer to Maya sw or Software; this may solve your problem. Of course, when it comes to doing final renders, you're better off using Arnold shaders, setting up the lights appropriately in Arnold, and rendering from there.
3. Are you actually rendering? Or are you just not seeing your textures in the viewport? Make sure that your viewport setting is set to "Viewport 2.0", and that you have enabled the textures in the view by hitting the "6" key, which allows you to see texture maps.
If these solutions fail, you should probably post your scene file so someone up here can take a closer look.
