The black screen is while Maya and renderer reads and expands data for rendering. Once you have EXRs which are large files (especially when zipped option), then it takes time to read+extract+convert them to renderer's dataset. As for Arnold, you can speed this up by converting texture files to .tx format. Another contributor to the delay might be advanced features, like GI/AO/MB/etc which are calculated before you ever see the first pixels, some are single-threaded therefore slow. Some of this also can be sped up by pre-baking and -caching data.. depends on the renderer of your choice, therefore reconsider the need for each. And, usually, it is slowest for the first frame, less noticeable when batch-rendering sequences.
If you launch a batch render within Maya then you can see timestamped processes in Output Window, or when the command line render (faster), then in the console.
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Maya2019.1 @ Windows10 & GeForce GTX1080Ti
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