Hi
@salesFor operating systems, there's an environment variable called PATH, and any executable that's resides on this path can be launched without having your shell actively in the executables directory. Some common executables you might be familiar with are sudo, grep, python, open, find. These executables live in (or are linked to) a directory that is on your PATH.
For Maya, the two most practical applications (or executables) are maya and Render. Maya is the actual application that will launch the GUI, and Render will allow you to render scenes from the command line without having to launch the Maya GUI. This is advantageous as you can save system resources by using the command line and not creating a GUI instance.
By adding the location of these binaries (/Applications/Autodesk/Maya<Version>/Maya.app/Contents/bin) to the PATH (PATH=$PATH:<Location>) in the .bash_profile file, you can access them from anywhere on your system.
The Render binary works totally fine on macOS, but the Maya binary can't be launched from the command line in this style. One of the reasons is the use of the MAYA_LOCATION variable which doesn't work on macOS. But if you use the open command the way
@sean.heasley detailed Maya will launch fine. Hopefully this all makes sense!
I apologize if this sounds like I'm explaining it to child, I want to make sure other users who don't know this stuff get a clear understanding.