@Anonymous It is not possible to do what you are after. The snap in the sketch environment will snap to the grid settings. In this case you would want to set up your major grid lines at 5 mm and have 20 subdivisions in order to snap your sketch geometry every .25 mm.
The incremental move helps with things like the press/pull, shape primitives, or move command in 3D operations. Incremental move doesn't really have much to do with sketching (unless you're using the move command). I'm not sure about others, but I don't generally use the incremental move because I like the feel when Fusion is a bit more free form. However, that's just my personal preference.
I would highlight that the real power in Fusion 360 is that sketches can be driven parametrically by dimensions and constraints. You can even use parameters to update sketch dimensions to quickly modify a sketch. While it may be helpful when initially drawing something to use the snaps, there is a lot of utility to being able to edit one dimension and based upon the relationships created by sketch constraints, drive or modify a sketch profile.
Really dimensions and sketch constraints are the mechanisms you should probably use to make sure that sketch geometry is the exact size. That is a rule of thumb and not true in every case. I'm not trying to preach that you "must" use the tool. The tool should be flexible and accommodating. I'm hope this explanation highlights the design intent and difference between other applications and Fusion's constraint based sketch environment.
If there is a workflow you're struggling with, perhaps you could record an Autodesk Screencast of the workflow to highlight what you're trying to accomplish? With this information, I may be able to make some suggestions that could help make it less painful.
I hope this helps. Please let me know if you have any questions.
Thanks,
Nathan Chandler
Principal Specialist