Your lisp routine was stepping through the style table until (cdr (assoc 2 (tblnext "style"))) returned nil. Problem is it was only processing the first 4 styles in that drawing. There is a blank style entry in the style table, most likley at one point or another it was used for a linetype in the drawing. Solution to rid the drawing of this would be to assign it a name and then delete it. Caution though it could be a hack by Civil 3D for something odd. To make your lisp routine work you would simply watch for the nil style name in your code.
((0 . STYLE) (2 . Standard) (70 . 0) (40 . 2.0) (41 . 1.0) (50 . 0.0) (71 . 0) (42 . 2.0) (3 . arial.ttf) (4 . ))
((0 . STYLE) (2 . Arch-Dim) (70 . 0) (40 . 2.0) (41 . 1.0) (50 . 0.0) (71 . 0) (42 . 2.0) (3 . arial.ttf) (4 . ))
((0 . STYLE) (2 . RomanS) (70 . 0) (40 . 2.0) (41 . 1.0) (50 . 0.0) (71 . 0) (42 . 2.0) (3 . arial.ttf) (4 . ))
((0 . STYLE) (2 . MWA-med) (70 . 0) (40 . 2.0) (41 . 1.0) (50 . 0.0) (71 . 0) (42 . 2.0) (3 . arial.ttf) (4 . ))
((0 . STYLE) (2 . ) (70 . 1) (40 . 0.0) (41 . 1.0) (50 . 0.0) (71 . 0) (42 . 0.2) (3 . ltypeshp.shx) (4 . ))
((0 . STYLE) (2 . MWA-SMALL) (70 . 0) (40 . 0.0859375) (41 . 1.0) (50 . 0.0) (71 . 0) (42 . 0.0859375) (3 . arial.ttf) (4 . ))
((0 . STYLE) (2 . MWA-LG) (70 . 0) (40 . 0.1875) (41 . 1.0) (50 . 0.0) (71 . 0) (42 . 0.1875) (3 . arial.ttf) (4 . ))
((0 . STYLE) (2 . ScheduleData) (70 . 0) (40 . 0.0) (41 . 0.75) (50 . 0.0) (71 . 0) (42 . 0.09375) (3 . romans.shx) (4 . ))
((0 . STYLE) (2 . RomanSNarrow) (70 . 0) (40 . 0.0) (41 . 0.75) (50 . 0.0) (71 . 0) (42 . 1.0) (3 . romans.shx) (4 . ))
((0 . STYLE) (2 . TB_SMALL) (70 . 0) (40 . 0.0) (41 . 1.0) (50 . 0.0) (71 . 0) (42 . 0.326093) (3 . arial.ttf) (4 . ))
Here is your code updated, just in case.
(defun c:allarial (/ Oldtstyle Sttxt Userfont *error*)
(defun *error* (s)
(setvar "textstyle" oldtstyle)
)
(setq oldtstyle (getvar "textstyle"))
(setq userfont "arial.ttf") ;_ <<<<change this for your textfont
(setq sttxt (tblnext "style" t))
(while sttxt
(if (cdr (assoc 2 sttxt))
(progn
(setvar "textstyle" (cdr (assoc 2 sttxt)))
(command "._Style" "" userfont 2 1 0 "N" "N")
)
)
(setq sttxt (tblnext "style"))
)
(setvar "textstyle" oldtstyle)
(princ)
)
good luck.