I will not be able to provide a complete exhaustive explanation. That would require a complete blog post, if not a book. I suggest you read about these topics in the existing documentation, e.g., the Revit developers guide in the online help:
https://help.autodesk.com/view/RVT/2023/ENU/?guid=Revit_API_Revit_API_Developers_Guide_html
Still, here is a brief explanation:
The Transform class represents an abstract geometrical entity, a transformation of the affine 3-space:
https://www.revitapidocs.com/2023/58dd01c8-b3fc-7142-e4f3-c524079a282d.htm
So, it has little to do with the real world, or the BIM that represents a real-world building.
The ElementTransformUtils class provides a collection of utilities allowing transformation of Revit database elements (e.g. move, rotate, mirror and copy):
https://www.revitapidocs.com/2023/82e737d5-fda4-bc10-6099-88999cd51300.htm
As such, it operates on BIM elements representing real-world objects, and thus is limited in its range of transformations to operations that make sense for a real-world object.
For instance, scaling makes no sense for most family instances, since that would change their dimensions and thus require a different family type.
I hope this helps.