Well, .NET Core (.NET 8 for AutoCAD 2025) does not provide a runtime designer that would be used in VS for ADO .NET data model, or for Entity Framework. In order to use the designer in VS, you need to create them in a .NET Framework project. That is, you only design the ADO .NET data model/EE model in a .NET Framework project, but do not build/output the .NET framework DLL. You link the data model classes into your .NET 8 project, so the code of these data model classes is treated as if they are in the .NET 8 project and get build there. The .NET Framework project is only used for the model designing visually. This article might be of help (while it is for older .NET version, it still is relevant):
https://erikej.github.io/ef/dotnetcore/2020/06/15/ef6-use-edmx-dotnetcore.html
If you search the the net, there are quite some discussions on this topic.
No sure where your data access process lives. If it is in the AutoCAD plugin side (meaning your Acad plugin have direct access to a database server), then it might be the time now to move the data access layer to a backend and expose the data via services, typically as HTTP(s) services.