Switch to the "Polygons" mode first: you have a drop-down menu at the top left corner, or press "H" + left click in the viewport and select "Polygons" in the marking menu.
Then you will see that most of your menus have changed, for modelling purposes I think that you might find what you are looking for under the "Mesh" and "Edit Mesh" menus.
I hope this will help.
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