Hi @guido_maniglia. I am not sure why this would not be possible. Can you maybe share more of the details about the situation and your goals, and maybe some screenshots? Are you just trying to do this manually, or partially by code (with some manual user interaction), or entirely by code (with no manual user interaction)?
One problem with constraining to some aspect of a component in a pattern, is that the pattern's quantity may change, which may eliminate that component that was created by the pattern, which would then break the constraints also. There is no simple way around that fact. So, since the first item in a pattern is always the original object that the pattern is creating copies of, then even if the whole pattern was deleted, that first one would still be there, and so would your constraints. Therefore constraining to the first one, even if it takes more preparation or effort, is the strategic way to go. That does not mean is is not possible to constrain to the last item in a pattern though.
Finding the last one in the pattern may be more complicated though, depending on the complexity of the pattern. For example, if there were multiple object originally selected to be patterned, then even if we found the last 'element' in the pattern, that element would still have multiple components within it. Determining which of them to use could be a secondary issue, in that situation. But we do not know anything about your pattern.
RectangularOccurrencePattern
RectangularOccurrencePattern.OccurrencePatternElements
OccurrencePatternElement
OccurrencePatternElement.Components (returns an ObjectsEnumerator object)
OccurrencePatternElement.Occurrences (returns a ComponentOccurrencesEnumerator)
Wesley Crihfield

(Not an Autodesk Employee)