The macro doesn't check anything, it just selects all edges for fillet. Inventor then tries to fillet the selected edges and it silently ignores edges that are impossible to fillet. Your example is such an impossible one. Try to put a Corner Fillet on it by hand and you'll see.
It is possible to fillet these edges after if you unfold the model first, then run the fillet macro, then refold, but it will fail because of that edge.
The only way to put a fillet on that edge if you put it directly onto the unfolded flat pattern that is used for the laser cutting too, but those fillets will only be visible in your flat pattern, and not in the folded model.
Or you could just make those corner reliefs slightly larger to be able to fillet them.
Here's a modified version of the macro. It can put the fillets on the flat pattern too. Run the macro on the folded model first, then go to the flat pattern and run it again.
Public Sub Fillet()
Dim InvDoc As PartDocument
Set InvDoc = ThisApplication.ActiveDocument
Dim CD As Object
If InvDoc.ActivatedObject Is Nothing Then
Set CD = InvDoc.ComponentDefinition
Else
If InvDoc.ActivatedObject.Type = kFlatPatternObject Then
Set CD = InvDoc.ActivatedObject
End If
End If
Dim EC As EdgeCollection
Set EC = ThisApplication.TransientObjects.CreateEdgeCollection
For Each SurfaceBody In CD.SurfaceBodies
For Each Edge In SurfaceBody.Edges
EC.Add Edge
Next
Next
Dim CRD As CornerRoundDefinition
Dim Radius As Double
Radius = 1 / 32
Radius = InvDoc.UnitsOfMeasure.ConvertUnits(Radius, kInchLengthUnits, kCentimeterLengthUnits)
Set CRD = CD.Features.CornerRoundFeatures.CreateCornerRoundDefinition(EC, Radius)
Dim CRF As CornerRoundFeature
Set CRF = CD.Features.CornerRoundFeatures.Add(CRD)
End Sub