Hello @jpschaef,
This was definitely a solid try, seriously!! Trying to step into the Inventor world having never used it can be a bit intimidating, especially trying to dive right into sheet metal!
So, I looked at your model and simplified it. There's a lot of features that can be consolidated into just a few features that I'll try to step you through...also, I apologize now, but I should have created a screen cast to show how I worked through this, but it's a bit late and I definitely wanted to dive in and try to help right away.
The first thing that I do when creating a sheet metal part is figure out how I can quickly model the flanges. 9 times out of 10 I'll create a contour flange where I get all of the dimensional information from a PDF, DXF, STEP File, etc much like you did to get the information you needed to create the model.
For the contour flange, I created a new sketch, and created a profile that would mimic how the part looks if you did a section view. To help make everything symmetric, I projected the YZ and XZ planes, and drew what you see below:

Once I completed my fully constrained sketch, I selected the contour flange option:

Within this option, you can specify which direction you want your part thickness, your bend radius, and which direction you want to extrude. Play around with the feature in my model to see how this changes the part.
Next, I created a sketch and placed all of my holes. I projected pretty much the entire part (that's just because I get a bit lazy...Shhh, don't tell my boss), as well as the XY and YZ planes. Since the holes on one side of the part is a mirror of the other side, I laid out one side, and mirrored the others...helps saves time instead of trying to individually trying to dimension each hole. Once all of the holes are fully constrained, I finished the sketch and applied a Cut feature that goes through the entire part:

I pretty much applied the same logic for the holes on the sides. However, you'll notice that I only dimensioned two holes in the X-Axis and two in the Y-Axis. I then used horizontal and vertical constraints to fully constrain the sketch. I then did a Cut and selected All for the extents.

A little extra:
The A-Side definition helps determine how the flat pattern will unfold. This will also help determine which dimensions will bend up or down in the drawing layout when you apply the Bend Note Feature.