I was thinking about this yesterday. And whilst I think you are on the right lines, I think fundamentally Color Schemes work backwards.
Currently we pick a parameter, Revit gathers all the values against that parameter and then assigns them colors and fills. Great.
The problem with this is that it eliminates the possibility of having predefined color schemes for use against different parameters and as you have pointed out it also prevents you from renaming an item in the color scheme.
So here's what I think should happen.
1) You define the 'color list' (or schemes) first - this would be the colors and fills only. This (these) would be done using your office standards and would form part of your standard template file.
2) You set up the actual color scheme itself - View type, parameter along with the desired color fill list. At this point you have a color scheme as you normally would but without any values assigned.
3) Each row can then have a parameter value assigned to it - by clicking on the drop down you get a list of all available but unassigned values. If you want to change a value, just select from the drop down again (may require setting to 'none' first) - the principle is much the same as how Revit currently handles room lists.
4) If there are more values then rows you simply have an option to add an additional row.
This approach would give users much more control over the color schemes and do away with the annoyance of colors being randomly reset if the parameter being selected is changed.