No, think about it this way:
A viewport is a window, through which you look at model space (which projects onto paper space).
The viewport window can filter layers and turn them off aka block them from showing.
However, anything that is frozen already in model space is "hidden" and is not there to be seen through the window.
When you say you need some layers to be visible in paper-space all the time, I feel like that may not really be true. You really only need them to be visible again once you are ready print or publish your work, don't you? The way I work is, I will freeze some layers in model space while I am working so I can see what I'm doing. When I'm all done, I click the "thaw all layers" button to turn everything back on. Next I move to my paper space tabs and go through each viewport making sure each is showing the correct layers. Finally, I publish my drawing. I hope this helps!