Hey,
Unfortunately, everything depends on the shape itself.
A) For some simple cases it might be possible to use EXTRUDE with Taper angle (Example), but for many cases this will throw out lot of errors like "Surface is illegal" or "self intersecting body".
Other approaches that You can try are crude ( nothing will look perfect in my opinion), but You might give them a shot if no one comes up with better solution.
B)
If You're interested in just a small taper angle, sometimes it's possible to use something like this:
1. Start with Your 2D Polyline
2. Use command OFFSET (or manually create internal object), that would create second polyline inside
3. Move second polyline upwards
4. Use LOFT command on those polylines to create a solid.
C)
Other thing You might try (If You can accept limitation in taper control) is creating 2 or more extrudes along different directions and then using INTERSECT command to obtain single shape. The more complicated shape, the more directions you have to consider for it to look good. (EXAMPLE).
Good luck!
Kind Regards,
Pawel