In theory, yes.
You need to check out the workset you want to work on while stil connected to the network. This will lock that workset, preventing anyone else from editing it (unless they send you and edit request & you grant it, which of course you wont be able to do).
When you open the local copy while not connected to the network Revit will warn you that you are working 'at risk'.
The risk is that if there are a lot of changes to your workset, and a lot of changes to the central file that Revit will be unable to reconcile the two. Not having tried it, I dont know how real the risk is.
If you do try please post back your expeeriences.
You should consider what other users will be doing in the model too. I tend to work with the mechanical workset checked out, to stop people accidently messing up my stuff & find I get edit requests for things you wouldnt expect. For example if a duct intersects a full height wall, sometimes the architect will find that he needs to send me an edit request for the duct when he tries to move the wall. Even though he is not changing the duct at all. Ditto for diffusers hosted in ceilings....
My point is that if other people have to stop work and wait for you to reconnect to the model to grant edit requests, you wont be very popular.
