I don't know if im totaly understanding this wrong but i am watching one of the Autodesk tutorials and he is entering values for the dimensions of shapes as he builds the shapes.
http://mfgcommunity.autodesk.com/learning/tutorials/details/Autodesk_Inventor_Fundamentals_1/
When I try to sketch parts there are no values displayed at all as I go and i have no idea what the size of the pieces are. yeah its true i can sketch "by eye" but i might as well be using sketchbook pro and drawing with the tablet.
In the video clip, the presenter is using IV2011, not sure if this feature was in IV2010 (judging by the date of your first post) IV2011 was released around the 18th of March 2010.
You may not have the "Heads Up Display" enabled in your: Tools>Application Options>Sketch>Heads Up Display>Enabled: along the "Enable Pointer Input" in the Heda-Up Dispaly Settings tab.