The error in your install log is
"MSI (s) (58!48) [15:28:27:214]: Product: Autodesk Maya 2014 -- 1: 5 2: adlmPITSetProductInformation failed. 3: 25 "
4:37 PM
The message "adlmPITRemoveProductInformation failed" indicates a possible corruption in the "ProductInformation.pit" file. The solution to this problem is to manually remove the file and to repeat the installation process.
You can find the "ProductInformation.pit" in the following location:
Microsoft Windows XP
C:\Documents and settings\All Users\Application Data\Autodesk\ADLM\ProductInformation.pit
Microsoft Windows 7\8
C:\ProgramData\Autodesk\ADLM\ProductInformation.pit
Deleting this file will also invalidate any other licensed Autodesk product installs so if you have other licensed products installed you will need uninstall and re-install them as well.